水样发光细菌急性毒性测试的方式与表征

选取不同类型的环境和污染源水样开展了发光细菌毒性测试,针对不同环境管理目标,探讨了急性毒性定量表征方式。发光细菌急性毒性测试在环境应急监测、水源早期生物预警中,采用绘制毒性预警基线图的方式比较可行。在污染源监督监测中,对于发光抑制率低于60%、无法求出EC50的样品,采用等效毒性参照物的质量浓度表征废水的毒性;对于发光抑制率高于60%,采用稀释因子表示样品的毒性更直观可靠。     

Occurrence and distribution of antibiotics in coastal water of the Taizhou Bay,China: impacts of industrial activities and marine aquaculture

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The occurrence, spatial distribution, and source analysis of antibiotics in global coastal waters and estuaries are not well documented or understood....     

Impact of aquaculture on distribution of dissolved organic matter in coastal Jeju Island,Korea, based on absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In Jeju Island, multiple land-based aquafarms were fully operational along most coastal region. However, the effect of effluent on distribution and...     

室内外空气污染对学龄儿童呼吸系统影响的研究

通过对污染区和对照区 2 0 0 0多名学龄儿童呼吸系统症状、疾病患病率比较 ,并运用非条件 Logistic回归分析方法 ,就室内外空气污染对学龄儿童呼吸系统健康的影响 ,进行了研究。结果显示 ,污染区室内外空气污染较严重 ,大气中TSP、SO2 和 NOx 的浓度均超过国家二级标准 ,其儿童呼吸系统症状、疾病患病率明显高于对照区。对儿童呼吸系统发病有显著影响的环境因素是 :大气污染、被动吸烟、家庭燃煤、冬季取暖和室内油烟污染程度。其中咳嗽与以上五个因素有显著的正相关关系 (P<0 .0 5) ;除被动吸烟外 ,支气管炎与其它四个因素呈显著正相关 (P<0 .0 5) ;咳痰与大气污染、被动吸烟、冬季取暖和室内油烟污染程度 ,气喘和呼吸系统疾病住院率与大气污染和室内油烟污染正相关关系显著 (P<0 .0 5)。哮喘与室内外空气污染无显著的统计学联系     

大件车作用下独柱墩弯桥倾覆风险快速预测∗

为了实现大件运输车辆作用下独柱墩弯桥倾覆风险的快速预测,首先对基于刚体转动理论的简化计算方法进行改进,引入车辆转弯模型考虑车轮轨迹,实现车辆荷载的准确和快速加载,定义了稳定因子η 并提出质心加载法用于确定倾覆轴线;结合变形体理论,提出采用端点偏移的方法对倾覆轴位置进行修正;采用阈值法快速评价桥梁的倾覆风险性,并通过建立ABAQUS 实体模型分析了大量桥梁的倾覆过程,确定阈值[kc]的取值;在此基础上建立了独柱墩弯桥倾覆风险快速预测流程。研究结果表明：大件车以稳定状态通过弯桥时其质心轨迹为一圆弧;对倾覆轴线位置进行修正可以考虑主梁变形能力对稳定效应的削减,相比于原简化方法,由改进方法计算的抗倾覆稳定能力kc 对桥梁的倾覆风险具有更强的表征能力;抗倾覆稳定能力阈值取值为1.10;基于MATLAB 程序语言,编制了弯桥倾覆风险快速预测程序,通过批量输入大件车待通行线路上的独柱墩弯桥信息即可计算出各个桥梁的抗倾覆稳定能力kc,将kc与抗倾覆能力阈值进行比较从而预测出有倾覆风险的桥梁,实现大件车作用下独柱墩弯倾覆风险快速预测。     

Research on optimal control of non-point source pollution: a case study from the Danjiang River basin in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The impact and optimal control of non-point source (NPS) pollution on water environment have become the hot issues of current research. This paper...     

Nano-TiO2 Modified Wheat Straw/Polylactic Acid Composites Based on Synergistic Effect Between Interfacial Bridging and Heterogeneous Nucleation

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - To improve the interfacial compatibility of wheat straw/polylactic acid (WS/PLA) composites, nano-TiO2 with different particle sizes was blended with...     

Design a flower-like magnetic graphite carbon microsphere for enhanced adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenol

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - 2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is a hazardous chlorinated organic chemical, so its removal is an important task to protect the whole ecosystem and human...     

石油类污染物在土壤中的环境行为

土壤中石油类污染物的环境行为一直是环保界研究的重点。为此,简述了土壤中石油类污染物的来源、危害及存在状态,介绍了其在土壤中的迁移、吸附和降解行为,以及其行为特征和影响因素。全面了解土壤中石油类污染物的环境行为,对保护生态环境、推动石油工业的持续发展具有重要意义。     

Organic–inorganic calcium lignosulfonate compounds for soil acidity amelioration

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Soil acidification is a problem widely occurring worldwide, which severely threaten food security and agricultural sustainability. Calcium...